Prevalence and Transcriptional Study of Bcl2 Gene Among Leukemia Patients in Arbil City

Abstract

Cancer is a significant human affliction, and hematological health is a major issue. Leukemia cannot be effectively cured, even advancements in treatment options. The B-cell lymphoma (BCL2) gene is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of leukemia, particularly in understanding the BCL2 protein's significant regulatory role in apoptosis. This study was conducted at Nanakaly Cancer Hospital in Arbil, Iraq, from January 1, 2022, to June 30, 2022, utilizing cancer patient data spanning from 2010 to 2022. Five milliliters of blood samples were obtained from cancer patients and healthy individuals for molecular detection. RNA was extracted from blood, followed by the synthesis of cDNA. The quantification of cDNA was performed using a Nanodrop spectrophotometer, and subsequently, PCR was employed to analyze the BCL2 gene. BCL2 protein levels were significantly diminished in the regulatory molecular tissues of a hematological malignancy cell. There is no observable difference in expression level. Our data indicated that reduced BCL2 expression correlates with significant clinical characteristics, including tumor grade, stage, and type of blood cancer.  We found that BCL2 is linked to leukemia and may be a biomarker for hematologic malignancies.