Adenosine Deaminase Activity a Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Review

Abstract

Renal bone disease is one of the metabolic disorders in renal failure patients that causes morbidity. The aim was to study the biomarkers and the incidence of renal osteodystrophy (bone turnover diseases) in hemodialysis patients. Method: 50 females’ patients from Al Basra-Teaching Hospital in Iraq who maintained hemodialysis (at least 1 year) and healthy females (n=30) as a comparison group were included. Serum vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, osteocalcin, and some bone parameters were tested. Results: a significant decrease in serum vitamin D in female patients under dialysis (12.770 ng/ml) compared to the control group (20.8167 ng/ml). Osteocalcin levels increased in patients (54.3114 ng/ml) compared to the healthy group. In general, the PTH level was elevated significantly in dialysis patients (262.211pg/ml), and an elevation in ALP level (221.084IU/L) was also found. The patients, according to their PTH level, showed renal bone disease. About 30 females’ patients (60%) revealed high bone turnover, followed by 20 patients (40%) with low bone turnover disease. Conclusion: deficiency in vitamin D with incidence of renal osteodystrophy in female hemodialysis patients