Paraoxonase-1 Levels and Q192R (rs662) Gene Polymorphism as Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease in Patients From Basra-Iraq

Abstract

Paraoxonase-1 is an antioxidant enzyme within the high density lipoprotein (HDL) that is important in avoiding low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and lowering the risk of atherosclerosis. The PON1 gene is highly polymorphic, which has a profound effect on the activity of the enzyme as well as the levels of its presence in the bloodstream and its predisposition toward cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the case-control study was to determine the relationship between the PON1 Q192R (rs662) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and coronary artery disease (CAD) among Iraqi Basra population. The number of patients with CAD was 129 and controls were 66. The technique of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to perform genotyping. The findings showed a strong difference between the allele distribution in patients and controls (P < 0.05). The associations did not exceed the level of statistical significance, whereas odds ratios were higher among patients. Nonetheless, binary logistic regression analysis found out that the carriers of the R allele (QR and RR genotypes) were more likely to develop CAD. These results indicate the significance of PON1 in cardiovascular protection and indicate that the Q192R polymorphism may have an impact on genetic susceptibility to CAD in the Iraqi population.