Determination of some biomarkers in male rats exposed to oxidative stress and treated with macadamia oil

Abstract

Oxidative stress is bad because it destroys cells and damages organs including the heart, liver, and kidneys. Eating additional antioxidants, such as different oils, can help reduce the levels of biomarkers that are associated to oxidative stress.  This can help reduce the risk of the diseases progressing. In a study of the protective role of macadamia oil (MO) against oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups, each consisting of 5 rats. The G 1 (negative control group) was given drinking water, the G2 (positive control group) was given regular feed and drinking water containing only 0.5% H₂O₂, the G3 (healthy rats + MO) was given regular feed and drinking water, and daily oral 0.5 ml/kg dose of macadamia oil, while the G 4 (H₂O₂ +MO) was given regular feed and drinking water containing 0.5% H₂O₂, plus a daily oral dose of MO, and measuring some biochemical parameters, such as glucose, uric acid urea and creatinine, AST, ALT, LDH, Troponin I, CK-BM, T. C, T.G, HDL, LDL, CRP, MDA, GSH, weight of animals. Also the rats were euthanized, and the liver, heart, aorta, and kidneys tissues were histopathologically evaluated. The study's results revealed that treatment with H₂O₂ (G2) caused most biochemical markers to rise significantly, like glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, AST, ALT, LDH, Troponin I, CK-BM, and there were big changes in blood lipids, TC, T.G, HDL levels dropped, C-RP levels went up sharply, and GSH levels dropped sharply. MDA levels also went up sharply compared to G1.  Even though they began with a lower weight, the positive control group ended up with a greater final weight (217.00 ± 3.89 g) than the negative control group. When treated with MO, on the other hand, (G3 and G4) exhibited a significant recovery, with all indications reverting to normal or near to normal levels. According to the findings, macadamia oil can be used to combat inflammation, antioxidant system facilitation and the preservation of the metabolic equilibrium in cases of oxidative stress.