Evaluation of Physiological Parameters in Male Rats with Dexamethasone-Induced Osteoporosis: Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, Calcium, Phosphorus, and Reproductive Hormones

Abstract

This study examined how dexamethasone, a commonly used corticosteroid, affects key biochemical, hormonal, and physiological functions in male rats. We focused on its impact on body weight, kidney function, mineral balance, and hormonal regulation. Our results showed that dexamethasone caused significant weight loss and impaired kidney function, evidenced by increased levels of urea, creatinine, and uric acid, along with reduced total protein. Additionally, dexamethasone disrupted mineral metabolism by lowering vitamin D and calcium levels while raising parathyroid hormone and phosphorus, indicating potential bone metabolism disturbances. Hormonal analysis revealed elevated follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone but reduced testosterone, suggesting interference with reproductive hormone regulation. These findings demonstrate that dexamethasone induces widespread physiological disruptions, highlighting the need for careful monitoring of these parameters during corticosteroid treatment to minimize adverse effects.